Cystoscopy is the reference standard for bladder ... A total of 838 CT urograms from 779 patients (449 men, mean age 62 years; 330 women, mean age 56 years) under evaluation for hematuria (a ...

Fluorescence-guided cystoscopy, using 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) or its hexyl ester, hexaminolevulinate 5-ALA (Hexvix ® [HAL], Photocure, Oslo, Norway), improves the detection of bladder tumors ...

Intravenous pyelogram Excellent visualization of May miss bladder lesions; the kidney, collecting system nephrotoxicity and ureter Cystoscopy Best way to examine the Invasive, uncomfortable and ...

John was diagnosed with bladder cancer using White Light Cystoscopy (WLC), a simple procedure for diagnosing non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). While this is the traditional diagnostic ...