NH4+ toxicity in higher plants: a critical review - ScienceDirect
2002年1月1日 · Ammonium (NH 4 +) toxicity is an issue of global ecological and economic importance. In this review, we discuss the major themes of NH 4 + toxicity, including the occurrence of NH 4 + in the biosphere, response differences to NH 4 + nutrition among wild and domesticated species, symptoms and proposed mechanisms underlying toxicity, and means by ...
The alleviation of ammonium toxicity in plants - Xiao - 2023
2023年2月15日 · Ammonium (NH 4+) and nitrate (NO 3−) are major inorganic N forms absorbed by plants from the surrounding environments. Intriguingly, NH 4+ is usually toxic to plants when it serves as the sole or dominant N source. It is thus important for plants to coordinate the utilization of NH 4+ and the alleviation of NH 4+ toxicity.
Toxicity of ammonia to plants - ScienceDirect
1982年11月1日 · Ammonia can cause various types of injury, including necrosis, growth reduction, growth stimulation and increased frost sensitivity. Several plant species have been assessed for sensitivity to ammonia.
Overcoming ammonium toxicity - ScienceDirect
2015年2月1日 · The toxic action of ammonium to plants have been explained by several mechanisms: depletion of carbon supply, damaged chloroplast ultrastructure, deficiency of mineral cations, disruptions in hormonal homeostasis and in photosynthesis, energy-demanding, futile transmembrane ammonium cycling, increased proton efflux, inhibition of the enzyme GDP ...
NH4+ Toxicity in Higher Plants: A Critical Review
2002年6月1日 · Ammonium toxicity affecting plant metabolism and development is a worldwide problem impeding crop production. Remarkably, rice (Oryza sativa L.) favours ammonium as its major nitrogen source in...
The alleviation of ammonium toxicity in plants - PubMed
Ammonium (NH 4 +) and nitrate (NO 3-) are major inorganic N forms absorbed by plants from the surrounding environments. Intriguingly, NH 4 + is usually toxic to plants when it serves as the sole or dominant N source. It is thus important for plants to coordinate the utilization of NH 4 + and the alleviation of NH 4 + toxicity.
Ammonia: An Emerging Gasotransmitter in Plant Growth and
2024年6月26日 · Ammonia (NH3), which is an intermediate of nitrogen metabolism, has been found to be a gasotransmitter in plants. It has a dual physiological effect in a concentration-dependent manner, namely as a signaling molecule at low concentrations and a …
Excessive ammonium assimilation by plastidic glutamine synthetase ...
2021年8月16日 · We identified that in the presence of toxic levels of ammonium, large levels of proton production, due to excessive assimilation of ammonium by GLN2, aggravate the acidic burden and lead to...
Does energy cost constitute the primary cause of ammonium toxicity …
2022年8月22日 · In this review, we discuss the current knowledge concerning the energy consumption and production underlying NH 4+ metabolism and toxicity in plants, such as N uptake; assimilation; cellular pH homeostasis; and functions of the plasma membrane (PM), vacuolar H + -ATPase and H + -pyrophosphatase (H + -PPase).
Review: Mechanisms of ammonium toxicity and the quest for
Overall, the tolerance and amelioration of ammonium toxicity are outlined to improve the yield of ammonium-grown plants. This review identifies future directions of research, focusing on the putative importance of aquaporins in ammonium influx, and on genes involved in ammonium sensitivity and tolerance.