Carbon - Wikipedia
Carbon is the sixth element, with a ground-state electron configuration of 1s 2 2s 2 2p 2, of which the four outer electrons are valence electrons. Its first four ionisation energies, 1086.5, 2352.6, 4620.5 and 6222.7 kJ/mol, are much higher than those of the heavier group-14 elements.
Carbon | Facts, Uses, & Properties | Britannica
2024年11月9日 · Carbon, chemical element that forms more compounds than all the other elements combined. Carbon is widely distributed in coal and in the compounds that make up petroleum, natural gas, and plant and animal tissue. The carbon cycle is one of the most important of all biological processes.
2.18: Carbon - The Chemical Basis for Life - Biology LibreTexts
2024年11月23日 · Structure of Carbon. Individual carbon atoms have an incomplete outermost electron shell. With an atomic number of 6 (six electrons and six protons), the first two electrons fill the inner shell, leaving four in the second shell. Therefore, carbon atoms can form four covalent bonds with other atoms to satisfy the octet rule.
Carbon - Element information, properties and uses | Periodic Table
Carbon is unique among the elements in its ability to form strongly bonded chains, sealed off by hydrogen atoms. These hydrocarbons, extracted naturally as fossil fuels (coal, oil and natural gas), are mostly used as fuels.
Carbon | C (Element) - PubChem
Carbon is a chemical element with symbol C and atomic number 6. Classified as a nonmetal, Carbon is a solid at room temperature. [He]2s 2 2p 2. J.C. Slater, J Chem Phys, 1964, 41 (10), 3199-3205. DOI:10.1063/1.1725697.
Carbon - Allotropes, Structure, Bonding | Britannica
2024年11月9日 · Carbon - Allotropes, Structure, Bonding: When an element exists in more than one crystalline form, those forms are called allotropes; the two most common allotropes of carbon are diamond and graphite.
Allotropes of carbon - Wikipedia
Well-known forms of carbon include diamond and graphite. In recent decades, many more allotropes have been discovered and researched, including ball shapes such as buckminsterfullerene and sheets such as graphene. Larger-scale structures of carbon include nanotubes, nanobuds and nanoribbons.
Structures and properties Allotropes of carbon - BBC
Structures and properties Allotropes of carbon. Different structure types arise as a result of bonding, and affect the properties of materials seen every day.
Carbon, Chemical Element - structure, reaction, water, uses, …
Two allotropes of carbon have crystalline structures: diamond and graphite. In a crystalline material, atoms are arranged in a neat orderly pattern. Graphite is found in pencil "lead" and ball-bearing lubricants.
2.3: Carbon - Biology LibreTexts
The unique properties of carbon make it a central part of biological molecules. Carbon binds to oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen covalently to form the many molecules important for cellular function. Carbon has four electrons in its outermost shell and can form four bonds. Carbon and hydrogen can form hydrocarbon chains or rings.